Experts say that Lithium (Li-Ion) batteries are the new oil.
Electric vehicles are already upon us and their usage is expected to grow phenomenally.
Here then is a list of all materials and chemicals that are used in the making of a lithium battery.
Use this article for your research and dig out companies that can become multibaggers. Good luck.
| Material | Product Notes |
|---|---|
| ANODE | |
| Conductive Carbon Black | Provides excellent power/energy density, solid stability and a longer cycle Helps in higher solids loadings, higher packing density, improved electrolyte distribution and transportation |
| Graphite | Used in active anodes Safe and reliable material that provides sufficient energy density for Li-Ion batteries |
| Graphene | Enhances conventional battery electrode performance Makes batteries lighter, fast charging |
| Lithium Metatitanate | Utilized as a flux due to its good stability This is lithium mixed with titanium. Remember that this is an alternative to graphite. |
| Silicon Anodes | Increase the efficiency and energy storage capacity of lithium-ion batteries |
| CATHODE | |
| Styrene Butadiene Rubber | Cathode Binders. Binders hold the active material particles together and in contact with the Aluminum Foil or Copper Foil |
| Polyvinylidene Fluoride | Same as above |
| Aluminum Foils | Current Collector for Cathodes Used as the cathode current collector of secondary Li-ion batteries, it is superior to Graphite mixture, while the cathode combines Lithium and other choice metals |
| Cathode Active Materials (Nickel, Cobalt, Manganese, Phosphate) | Form a multi-metal oxide material to which lithium is added (used in cathodes). These combine to make: Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium Oxide Lithium Manganese Oxide Lithium Nickel Manganese Spinel Lithium Cobalt Oxide |
| BATTERY FOILS | |
| Aluminium Foil | Covered above |
| Copper Foil | Primarily used as the current collector of the anode in lithium-ion batteries |
| Nickel Foil | Electrodeposited nickel foil is required in all modern Li-Ion batteries |
| BINDERS | |
| Polyvinylidene fluoride | Covered in cathode section |
| Lithium Compounds | |
| Lithium Hydroxide | Lithium mixed with Calcium hydroxide |
| Lithium Carbonate | Lithium Hydroxide derived from used lithium batteries and treated with water and carbon dioxide. This is not a significant material as of now. |
| SEPARATORS | |
| Polyolefin Separators | Separates anode and cathode. Made using Polyethylene or Polypropylene |
| Ceramic Separators | Same use as above. Material used is ceramic. |
| ELECTRODES | |
| Cathode and anode electrodes | In an electrolytic cell inside a battery, the anode is taken to be positive while the cathode is negative. But, the reaction is still similar, whereby electrons from the anode flow to the positive terminal of the battery, and electrons from the battery flow to the cathode |
| ELECTROLYTE | |
| Lithium hexafluorophosphate | All Li-Ion battereies need it. As a bonus I can clue you on to two companies that make it - BASF and Honeywell |
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